Tyto dny jsme si p\u0159ipomenuli dvac\u00e1t\u00e9 v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed ustaven\u00ed prvn\u00ed vl\u00e1dy po 41 letech, kde v\u011bt\u0161inu ji\u017e nem\u011bli komunist\u00e9. To byl asi okam\u017eik, kdy \u010desk\u00fd komunismus p\u0159i\u0161el o rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed kus moci.<\/p>\n
A tak se i p\u0159i t\u00e9to p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti roj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 interpretace on\u011bch pam\u00e1tn\u00fdch d\u011bj\u016f a cel\u00e9ho tehdej\u0161\u00edho velk\u00e9ho mocensk\u00e9ho p\u0159evratu. S\u00a0jednou z\u00a0nich p\u0159isp\u011bchali sami dne\u0161n\u00ed komunist\u00e9, ale kupodivu nejen oni. Podle t\u00e9to interpretace do\u0161lo vlastn\u011b p\u0159ed dvaceti lety k\u00a0velik\u00e9mu podvodu na n\u00e1rodu. Ten pr\u00fd vy\u0161el do ulic nikoli s\u00a0c\u00edlem prov\u00e9st kontrarevoluci a restaurovat kapitalismus, ale pouze protestovat proti nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm exces\u016fm totalitn\u00ed zv\u016fle a proti nekompetentnosti tehdej\u0161\u00edho komunistick\u00e9ho veden\u00ed. A najednou, ne\u017e se probral, \u017eil ob\u011bma nohama v\u00a0celkem norm\u00e1ln\u00edm kapitalismu se v\u0161\u00edm v\u0161udy. Se soukrom\u00fdm podnik\u00e1n\u00edm, privatizac\u00ed, politick\u00fdm pluralismem.<\/p>\n
Na t\u00e9 my\u0161lence skute\u010dn\u011b n\u011bco je. Co si budeme pov\u00eddat, n\u00e1rod ohlupovan\u00fd po des\u00edtky let propagandistickou mas\u00e1\u017e\u00ed by tehdy v\u00a0hypotetick\u00e9m referendu pro \u201ekapitalismus z\u00e1padn\u00edho st\u0159ihu\u201c, pro vnik podnikatelsk\u00e9 t\u0159\u00eddy, pro voln\u00e9 ceny \u010di pro nezam\u011bstnanost asi opravdu v\u011bt\u0161inov\u011b nehlasoval. Kdy\u017e jsme se 17. listopadu 1989 z\u00a0Vy\u0161ehradu vydali dol\u016f do centra na u\u017e nepovolenou \u010d\u00e1st demonstrace, nebyl nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edm heslem po\u017eadavek obnovy soukrom\u00e9ho vlastnictv\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f, to opravdu ne. A v\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edch dnech do ulic velkou \u010d\u00e1st lid\u00ed skute\u010dn\u011b dostala sp\u00ed\u0161e obecn\u00e1 nespokojenost a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm fale\u0161n\u00e1 informace o mrtv\u00e9m studentovi na N\u00e1rodn\u00ed t\u0159\u00edd\u011b.<\/p>\n
Pam\u011btn\u00edci si jist\u011b vzpomenou, \u017ee jedn\u00edm z\u00a0prvn\u00edch po\u017eadavk\u016f Ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho f\u00f3ra bylo odvol\u00e1n\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch \u010dlen\u016f p\u0159edsednictva \u00daV KS\u010c. Kdy\u017e pak k\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdm zm\u011bn\u00e1m v\u00a0p\u00e1tek 24. listopadu do\u0161lo, prohl\u00e1sil druh\u00fd den V\u00e1clav Havel na Letn\u00e9, \u017ee nem\u016f\u017eeme b\u00fdt spokojeni s\u00a0person\u00e1ln\u00edmi zm\u011bnami \u201ena\u0161ich stranick\u00fdch org\u00e1n\u016f\u201c. Jak\u00e9 \u201ena\u0161ich\u201c? Tak\u00e9 jsem se tehdy motal kolem r\u016fzn\u00fdch shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed a sch\u016fz\u00ed a roz\u010diloval se, pro\u010d n\u00e1s m\u00e1 zaj\u00edmat slo\u017een\u00ed vrcholn\u00fdch org\u00e1n\u016f totalitn\u00ed strany. A\u0165 si maj\u00ed v\u00a0\u010dele t\u0159eba belzebuba, ale a\u0165 t\u00e1hnou k\u00a0\u010dertu v\u0161ichni, a\u0165 vypadne z\u00a0veden\u00ed st\u00e1tu cel\u00e1 strana. Starost\u00ed o jejich veden\u00ed d\u00e1v\u00e1me p\u0159ece najevo, \u017ee uzn\u00e1v\u00e1me jejich v\u016fd\u010d\u00ed roli ve st\u00e1t\u011b.<\/p>\n
Mo\u017en\u00e1 to byla od Havla a jeho lid\u00ed \u0161ikovn\u00e1 taktika, jak nevypla\u0161it n\u00e1rod, je\u0161t\u011b nep\u0159ipraven\u00fd na skute\u010dn\u00fd konec socialismu. Mo\u017en\u00e1 to bylo freudistick\u00e9 p\u0159e\u0159eknut\u00ed, prozrazuj\u00edc\u00ed, \u017ee mnoz\u00ed mu\u017eov\u00e9 a \u017eeny Listopadu tak\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd definitivn\u00ed konec socialismu necht\u011bli. V\u00a0obou p\u0159\u00edpadech by se stoupenci teorie \u201epodveden\u00e9ho\u201c n\u00e1roda mohli c\u00edtit ve sv\u00e9 teorii podpo\u0159eni.
\nAni nev\u00edm, jestli to byl je\u0161t\u011b Informa\u010dn\u00ed servis nebo u\u017e Respekt, ale pamatuji si, \u017ee jsem za\u010d\u00e1tkem roku 1990 do t\u00e9 redakce mezi mnoha jin\u00fdmi mal\u00fdmi texty p\u0159inesl text s\u00a0titulkem Kapitalismus! Psal jsem v n\u011bm, abychom si p\u0159iznali, \u017ee toto je n\u00e1\u0161 c\u00edl. Jan Ruml, v\u00a0t\u00e9 redakci sed\u00edc\u00ed, mi ten \u010dl\u00e1nek nevzal (stejn\u011b jako \u010dl\u00e1nek o tom, \u017ee V\u00e1clav Havel by v\u00a0prezidentsk\u00fdch volb\u00e1ch 1990 m\u011bl m\u00edt protikandid\u00e1ta, stejn\u011b jako \u010dl\u00e1nek o tom, \u017ee Gorba\u010dov nen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd demokrat ale pouze nezvolen\u00fd dikt\u00e1tor, kter\u00e1 se sna\u017e\u00ed zachr\u00e1nit komunismus). Jestli to odm\u00edtnut\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nku o kapitalismu bylo z\u00a0taktick\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f (co to prozrazuje\u0161, ty naivo), nebo z\u00a0p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed (my p\u0159ece \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd kapitalismus nechceme), to u\u017e jsem se nedov\u011bd\u011bl. V\u00a0obou p\u0159\u00edpadech by se stoupenci teorie \u201epodveden\u00e9ho n\u00e1roda\u201c op\u011bt mohli c\u00edtit podpo\u0159eni.<\/p>\n
P\u0159esto jsem si jist, \u017ee je tato teorie chybn\u00e1. P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 toti\u017e, \u017ee kapitalismus je syst\u00e9m. \u017de to je jeden z\u00a0mo\u017en\u00fdch koncept\u016f spole\u010densk\u00e9 architektury. Ale ono to tak nen\u00ed, a to je j\u00e1dro v\u011bci. Co lid\u00e9 tehdy cht\u011bli? Svobodu volby. A kapitalismus je pouze p\u0159irozen\u00fdm vy\u00fast\u011bn\u00edm napln\u011bn\u00ed tohoto po\u017eadavku. Nen\u00ed to um\u011bl\u00fd syst\u00e9m, jeho\u017e restauraci kdosi komusi zatajil.
\nProto nemaj\u00ed pravdu anarchist\u00e9, kdy\u017e broj\u00ed proti kapitalistick\u00e9mu \u201esyst\u00e9mu\u201c. Kapitalismus nen\u00ed syst\u00e9m. Je to neutr\u00e1ln\u00ed stav, je to automatick\u00fd produkt spont\u00e1nn\u011b a svobodn\u011b se chovaj\u00edc\u00edch lid\u00ed, ne c\u00edl n\u011bjak\u00e9ho um\u011bl\u00e9ho projektu. Proto kdo \u00fato\u010d\u00ed na kapitalismus, ne\u00fato\u010d\u00ed na n\u011b\u010d\u00ed spole\u010densk\u00fd koncept, ale na svobodu lid\u00ed. Spole\u010densk\u00fd koncept jak\u00e9hokoli ne-neutr\u00e1ln\u00edho pojet\u00ed je prosaditeln\u00fd pouze cestou omezov\u00e1n\u00ed svobody.<\/p>\n
Ale nerod\u00ed se n\u00e1m p\u0159eci jen posledn\u00ed l\u00e9ta ze svobodn\u00e9ho kapitalismu jak\u00fdsi nov\u00fd spole\u010densk\u00fd syst\u00e9m? Nevznik\u00e1 bruselsk\u00e1 \u010di glob\u00e1ln\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00ed bezuhl\u00edkov\u00e1 shora organizovan\u00e1 spole\u010densk\u00e1 struktura? Pak by opravdu byl d\u016fvod, abychom se po dvaceti letech c\u00edtili podvedeni. My jsme cht\u011bli svobodu, ne syst\u00e9m.<\/p>\n
ps\u00e1no pro LN, nezkr\u00e1cen\u00e1 verze<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Tyto dny jsme si p\u0159ipomenuli dvac\u00e1t\u00e9 v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed ustaven\u00ed prvn\u00ed vl\u00e1dy po 41 letech, kde v\u011bt\u0161inu ji\u017e nem\u011bli komunist\u00e9. To byl asi okam\u017eik, kdy \u010desk\u00fd komunismus p\u0159i\u0161el o rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed kus moci.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-149","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-publikovane-clanky"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ladislavjakl.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/149","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ladislavjakl.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ladislavjakl.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ladislavjakl.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ladislavjakl.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=149"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.ladislavjakl.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/149\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":151,"href":"https:\/\/www.ladislavjakl.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/149\/revisions\/151"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ladislavjakl.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=149"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ladislavjakl.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=149"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ladislavjakl.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=149"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}