{"id":7483,"date":"2017-01-16T13:57:04","date_gmt":"2017-01-16T12:57:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ladislavjakl.cz\/?p=7483"},"modified":"2017-01-13T13:58:20","modified_gmt":"2017-01-13T12:58:20","slug":"jak-si-vedly-svetove-meny-v-roce-2016","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ladislavjakl.cz\/?p=7483","title":{"rendered":"Jak si vedly sv\u011btov\u00e9 m\u011bny v roce 2016"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Krom\u011b ekonomick\u00e9 obce se \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed publikum v m\u00e9di\u00edch setk\u00e1 s v\u00fdvojem kurs\u016f zahrani\u010dn\u00edch m\u011bn jen p\u0159i n\u011bjak\u00e9m prudk\u00e9m zlomu nebo v o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdkyvu. Nen\u00ed pak divu, \u017ee lidem z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed v pam\u011bti pr\u00e1v\u011b ty nek\u0159iklav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed propady \u010di vzestupy, zat\u00edmco dlouhodob\u00e9 trendy jsou pro m\u00e9dia nezaj\u00edmav\u00e9 a ve\u0159ejnosti m\u00e1lo zn\u00e1m\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Z posledn\u00ed doby si i neekonomov\u00e9 pamatuj\u00ed stra\u0161en\u00ed p\u0159ed \u00fadajn\u011b hroz\u00edc\u00edm p\u00e1dem dolaru po p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9m v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed Donalda Trumpa v americk\u00fdch prezidentsk\u00fdch volb\u00e1ch, mimo\u0159\u00e1dnou publicitu okam\u017eit\u00e9ho poklesu libry po v\u00fdsledku britsk\u00e9ho referenda o vystoupen\u00ed z Evropsk\u00e9 unie, nebo ob\u0159\u00ed titulek v MFD p\u0159ed v\u00e1noci roku 2014 \u201eRusko na mizin\u011b\u201c, kter\u00fd se kupodivu net\u00fdkal n\u011bjak\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty schopnosti Ruska spl\u00e1cet sv\u00e9 z\u00e1vazky, ale pouze jednor\u00e1zov\u00e9ho poklesu rublu. \u017de se po dvou dnech rubl vr\u00e1til na p\u0159edchoz\u00ed \u00farove\u0148 a n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch n\u011bkolik m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f roku 2015 byl nejrychleji rostouc\u00ed m\u011bnou sv\u011bta, to u\u017e jsme se nedov\u011bd\u011bli.<\/p>\n<p>Proto je lep\u0161\u00ed pod\u00edvat se na kursov\u00fd v\u00fdvoj v del\u0161\u00edm \u00faseku, nap\u0159\u00edklad v pr\u016fb\u011bhu pr\u00e1v\u011b uplynul\u00e9ho roku. Na p\u0159ilo\u017een\u00e9m grafu vid\u00edme v\u00fdvoj kursu dolaru, libry a rublu v\u016f\u010di euru (kurs eura nem\u00e1 p\u0159i sou\u010dasn\u00e9 politice \u010cNB smysl ud\u00e1vat, proto\u017ee je na n\u011bj koruna v\u00e1z\u00e1na). Zachyceny jsou hodnoty za v\u0161ech 12 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f roku, a to v jejich polovin\u011b. M\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed interval byl zvolen pr\u00e1v\u011b pro to, aby eliminoval n\u011bkolikadenn\u00ed divok\u00e9 epizody, kter\u00e9 byly nejchutn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed potravou pro m\u00e9dia.<\/p>\n<p>A co z tohoto ro\u010dn\u00edho v\u00fdvoje plyne? Dolar za cel\u00fd rok 2016 oproti euru pos\u00edlil o 4.8 %, libra poklesla o 8.9% a rubl pos\u00edlil o 31.7 %. Ani jedno z t\u011bchto \u010d\u00edsel nen\u00ed v obecn\u00e9m pov\u011bdom\u00ed \u2013 na rozd\u00edl od n\u011bkolika hlasit\u011b publikovan\u00fdch jednor\u00e1zov\u00fdch v\u00fdkyv\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Pod\u00edv\u00e1me-li se na kondici jednotliv\u00fdch m\u011bn v pr\u016fb\u011bhu roku, pak o lib\u0159e lze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee m\u00edrn\u011b klesala vlastn\u011b skoro po cel\u00fd rok (krom\u011b posledn\u00edch dvou m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f, kdy se za\u010dala zvedat) a \u017ee \u010dervnov\u00fd brexit v tom nep\u0159inesl \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd dramatick\u00fd zlom.<\/p>\n<p>Kurs dolaru oproti euru vykazoval po cel\u00fd rok stabilitu (nebo sp\u00ed\u0161e euro v\u016f\u010di dolaru), ale v posledn\u00edch dvou m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch, tedy po zvolen\u00ed Trumpa prezidentem, znateln\u011b pos\u00edlil. P\u0159\u00edzniv\u011b na kurs i na akciov\u00fd trh zap\u016fsobily jeho pl\u00e1ny na o\u017eiven\u00ed ekonomiky. Ti, kdo spekulovali na Trumpovu prohru, asi dost prod\u011blali. Podle v\u010derej\u0161\u00ed informace televize CNBC mezi n\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00edk George Soros, kter\u00fd m\u011bl na takov\u00fdch spekulac\u00edch prod\u011blat na miliardu dolar\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Rubl s jist\u00fdmi v\u00fdkyvy rostl po cel\u00fd rok a jeho posilov\u00e1n\u00ed bylo zdaleka nejmohutn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. V z\u00e1v\u011bru roku se je\u0161t\u011b urychlilo. Stejn\u011b ale jako propad rublu p\u0159ed dv\u011bma lety nevypov\u00eddal o ekonomick\u00e9m krachu Ruska, jeho vzestup nen\u00ed dokladem n\u011bjak\u00e9 konjunktury ale daleko sp\u00ed\u0161e odrazem cen ropy. Rusko zdaleka nevyu\u017eilo obdob\u00ed slab\u00e9ho rublu k v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed diverzifikaci sv\u00e9ho exportu (a ani sankce proti n\u011bmu v tom nejsou dostate\u010dnou omluvou) a jeho z\u00e1vislost na cen\u011b ropy je st\u00e1le z\u00e1sadn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Z grafu je tak\u00e9 patrn\u00e9, \u017ee v z\u00e1v\u011bru lo\u0148sk\u00e9ho posilovaly oproti euru v\u0161echny t\u0159i sledovan\u00e9 m\u011bny, co\u017e nelze p\u0159elo\u017eit jinak, ne\u017e jako propad eura (a tedy i koruny).<\/p>\n<p>Kursy nejsou v\u0161evypov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edm ukazatelem zdrav\u00ed ekonomiky. Svou v\u00fdpov\u011bdn\u00ed hodnotu ale maj\u00ed, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v kontextu del\u0161\u00edch trend\u016f. Proto je dobr\u00e9 se na tyto trendy ob\u010das pod\u00edvat a nespokojit se s kr\u00e1tkodech\u00fdmi titulky v novin\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 v n\u00e1s utv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed chybn\u00e9 p\u0159edstavy. Co si kdo z t\u011bch trend\u016f vyvod\u00ed, je u\u017e na ka\u017ed\u00e9m z n\u00e1s.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/institutvk.cz\/libs\/obrazky.php?id=170113_LJ.jpg&amp;sirka=1000\" rel=\"lightbox[2]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"http:\/\/institutvk.cz\/libs\/obrazky.php?id=170113_LJ.jpg&amp;sirka=634\" width=\"461\" height=\"282\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>V lev\u00e9m sloupci je hodnota m\u011bny v eurech. U rublu jde o hodnotu sta rubl\u016f. Graf L. J.<\/p>\n<p>Ladislav Jakl, 13. ledna 2016.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/institutvk.cz\/clanky\/jak-si-vedly-svetove-meny-v-roce-2016.html\">Zdroj<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Krom\u011b ekonomick\u00e9 obce se \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed publikum v m\u00e9di\u00edch setk\u00e1 s v\u00fdvojem kurs\u016f zahrani\u010dn\u00edch m\u011bn jen p\u0159i n\u011bjak\u00e9m prudk\u00e9m zlomu nebo v o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdkyvu. Nen\u00ed pak divu, \u017ee lidem z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed v pam\u011bti pr\u00e1v\u011b ty nek\u0159iklav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed propady \u010di vzestupy, zat\u00edmco dlouhodob\u00e9 trendy jsou pro m\u00e9dia nezaj\u00edmav\u00e9 a ve\u0159ejnosti m\u00e1lo zn\u00e1m\u00e9.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7483","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-publikovane-clanky"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ladislavjakl.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7483","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ladislavjakl.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ladislavjakl.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ladislavjakl.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ladislavjakl.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7483"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.ladislavjakl.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7483\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7484,"href":"https:\/\/www.ladislavjakl.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7483\/revisions\/7484"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ladislavjakl.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7483"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ladislavjakl.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7483"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ladislavjakl.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7483"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}