Nezni\u010dili. Bylo u\u017e zni\u010den\u00e9 a vlastn\u011b u\u017e de facto rozd\u011blen\u00e9. Oni se jen postarali, aby bylo toto rozd\u011blen\u00ed co nejhlad\u0161\u00edm zp\u016fsobem vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1no i de iure a po technick\u00e9 str\u00e1nce.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Druh\u00e9ho ledna roku 1990 jsem zrovna pob\u00fdval v Mnichov\u011b, kdy\u017e tam p\u0159ijel v r\u00e1mci sv\u00e9 historicky prvn\u00ed zahrani\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy \u010dty\u0159i dny po sv\u00e9m zvolen\u00ed prezident \u010cSSR V\u00e1clav Havel. St\u00e1l jsem pod balkonem v davu, ke kter\u00e9mu promlouval n\u00e1\u0161 nov\u00fd prezident spolu s bavorsk\u00fdm premi\u00e9rem Maxem Streiblem, kdy\u017e m\u011b na prot\u011bj\u0161\u00edm chodn\u00edku upoutal srovnateln\u011b velk\u00fd dav s transparenty, zadr\u017eovan\u00fd n\u011bmeck\u00fdmi policisty. Byli to v Bavorsku usedl\u00ed sloven\u0161t\u00ed imigranti, kte\u0159\u00ed t\u00e9to unik\u00e1tn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti vyu\u017eili ne k uv\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00e9 svobody sv\u00e9 star\u00e9 vlasti, ale k demonstraci za samostatnost slovensk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu.<\/p>\n
Mus\u00edm p\u0159iznat, \u017ee mne to ohromilo. Pova\u017eoval jsem za zcela legitimn\u00ed, \u017ee se v nov\u011b rozen\u00e9 demokracii budou objevovat r\u016fzn\u00e9 n\u00e1zory na uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed federace, ale p\u0159ekvapilo m\u011b, \u017ee pro zjevn\u011b v\u00fdznamnou \u010d\u00e1st zahrani\u010dn\u00edch Slov\u00e1k\u016f je v\u011bc n\u00e1rodn\u00ed emancipace z\u00e1sadn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u011bc\u00ed ne\u017e p\u00e1d komunismu a obnoven\u00ed demokracie. A\u017e o n\u011bkolik m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f pozd\u011bji mi do\u0161lo, \u017ee podobn\u00e9 pohnutky nelze hodnotit zven\u010d\u00ed a \u017ee pokud je nec\u00edt\u00edme nal\u00e9hav\u011b my, mohu to jin\u00ed autenticky vn\u00edmat \u00fapln\u011b jinak a je t\u0159eba to prost\u011b br\u00e1t na v\u011bdom\u00ed.<\/p>\n
\u010ce\u0161i byli takto autentick\u00fdm emancipa\u010dn\u00edm postojem Slov\u00e1k\u016f zasko\u010deni je\u0161t\u011b n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t. C\u00edtili se ve sv\u00e9 federaci komfortn\u011b, a p\u0159esto\u017ee jim \u010dasto z \u00daV, Hradu \u010di vl\u00e1dy porou\u010deli sp\u00ed\u0161e Slov\u00e1ci ne\u017e \u010ce\u0161i, brali feder\u00e1ln\u00ed st\u00e1t za sv\u016fj a s naivn\u00ed samoz\u0159ejmost\u00ed p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dali, \u017ee to takto c\u00edt\u00ed v\u0161ichni. Nec\u00edtili.<\/p>\n
Proto byli tito \u010ce\u0161i tak zasko\u010deni urputnost\u00ed \u201epoml\u010dkov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky\u201c, romantick\u00fdm n\u00e1rodovectv\u00edm slovensk\u00fdch politik\u016f a um\u011blc\u016f, aktivitami Matice slovensk\u00e9, militantnost\u00ed Slovensk\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed strany, jednostrann\u00fdmi akty a prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00edmi z p\u016fdy ofici\u00e1ln\u00edch slovensk\u00fdch instituc\u00ed, po\u017eadavky na zm\u011bny kompetenc\u00ed a na samostatnou politiku v oblastech, jejich\u017e v\u00fdkon je atributem suver\u00e9nn\u00edho st\u00e1tu, tlakem na p\u0159ehodnocen\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00edch tok\u016f \u010di zah\u00e1jen\u00edm prac\u00ed na slovensk\u00e9 \u00fastav\u011b. Pova\u017eovali to v\u0161e za v\u00fdst\u0159elky, ne za projevy nov\u00e9 reality.<\/p>\n
N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed \u010de\u0161t\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 nebyli ochotni sm\u00ed\u0159it se s t\u00edm, \u017ee tyto jevy maj\u00ed svou autentickou legitimitu ve v\u016fli slovensk\u00e9ho lidu, a tak je brali za pouh\u00fd voluntarismus n\u011bkolika nezodpov\u011bdn\u00fdch slovensk\u00fdch politik\u016f, kter\u00fd je t\u0159eba ust\u00e1t, uml\u010det nebo p\u0159eargumentovat. Nepochopili hloubku a p\u0159irozenost slovensk\u00e9ho postoje a nebrali ho v\u00e1\u017en\u011b. T\u00edm vlastn\u011b zma\u0159ili i posledn\u00ed nad\u011bji na jak\u017etak\u017e funguj\u00edc\u00ed federaci pro alespo\u0148 n\u011bkolik p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch transforma\u010dn\u00edch let, proto\u017ee vyvolali na slovensk\u00e9 stran\u011b do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fd pocit, \u017ee \u010ce\u0161i Slov\u00e1ky nevn\u00edmaj\u00ed jako rovnocenn\u00e9 partnery.<\/p>\n
Za\u010d\u00e1tkem \u010dervna roku 1992 prob\u011bhly feder\u00e1ln\u00ed i republikov\u00e9 volby. Secesistick\u00e9 postoje vyhr\u00e1ly na Slovensku na cel\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1\u0159e. Jedin\u00e1 strana, kter\u00e1 kandidovala v obou republik\u00e1ch \u2013 ODS \u2013 s programem funk\u010dn\u00ed federace, na Slovensku zcela propadla. T\u00edm to v\u00fdsledkem federace de facto skon\u010dila, ne rozhodnut\u00edm dvou \u010di n\u011bkolika politik\u016f.<\/p>\n
Mnoz\u00ed dne\u0161n\u00ed koment\u00e1to\u0159i tehdej\u0161\u00edho d\u011bn\u00ed dokola opakuj\u00ed m\u00fdtus o tom, jak jsme \u017eili\u2013byli ve spole\u010dn\u00e9 bratrsk\u00e9 federaci a dva nezodpov\u011bdn\u00ed politici \u2013 Klaus a Me\u010diar \u2013 se rozhodli bez mand\u00e1tu ob\u010dan\u016f tuto federaci rozd\u011blit. Lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed t\u00e9to poh\u00e1dce v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, se n\u011bkdy zept\u00e1m: a kdo byl tehdy prezidentem toho kr\u00e1sn\u00e9ho \u010ceskoslovenska? Spr\u00e1vnou odpov\u011bd\u00ed je: nikdo.<\/p>\n
Nov\u00fd slovensk\u00fd republikov\u00fd parlament p\u0159ijal deklaraci o svrchovanosti a nez\u00e1vislosti 17. \u010dervence, jen n\u011bkolik t\u00fddn\u016f po volb\u00e1ch. V\u00e1clav Havel, kter\u00fd byl teprve o den d\u0159\u00edve podruh\u00e9 zvolen \u010deskoslovensk\u00fdm prezidentem, okam\u017eit\u011b pochopil, \u017ee po jednostrann\u011b vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00e9m odtr\u017een\u00ed Slovenska ji\u017e nem\u00e1 \u010deho b\u00fdti prezidentem, a ihned ohl\u00e1sil svou rezignaci, kter\u00e1 vstoupila v \u00fa\u010dinnost o t\u0159i dny pozd\u011bji, 20. \u010dervence. Zlomil nad federac\u00ed h\u016fl jako prvn\u00ed.<\/p>\n
M\u016f\u017ee n\u011bkdo za t\u00e9to situace mluvit o je\u0161t\u011b existuj\u00edc\u00ed federaci? Nikoli. Ta u\u017e fakticky ne\u017eila. Pro nov\u00e9 republikov\u00e9 premi\u00e9ry \u2013 V\u00e1clava Klause a Vladim\u00edra Me\u010diara \u2013 to znamenalo vypo\u0159\u00e1dat se s \u00fakolem: prov\u00e9st rozd\u011blen\u00ed i v\u011bcn\u011b, do posledn\u00ed technik\u00e1lie. \u017de i v t\u00e9to f\u00e1zi mohou vznikat v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 konflikty, kter\u00e9 jsou zp\u016fsobil\u00e9 nad\u011blat ohromn\u00e9 \u0161kody na cel\u00e9 generace, to jsme vid\u011bli na mnoha tehdej\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edkladech. P\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e1 koexistence obou na\u0161ich samostatn\u00fdch republik je dnes mo\u017en\u00e1 i d\u00edky tomu, jak dob\u0159e, citliv\u011b a promy\u0161len\u011b byla provedena pr\u00e1v\u011b ona technick\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st rozd\u011blen\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Ne, Klaus a Me\u010diar nerozbili \u010ceskoslovensko sv\u00fdm sv\u00e9voln\u00fdm rozhodnut\u00edm. \u010ceskoslovensko rozbili Slov\u00e1ci, cht\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed \u017e\u00edt kone\u010dn\u011b posv\u00e9m. Klaus s Me\u010diarem pouze dostali \u00fakol, kter\u00fd jim dala doba a nevyhnutelnost. A sv\u016fj \u00fakol splnili.<\/p>\n
Ps\u00e1no pro Newsletter IVK <\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Nezni\u010dili. Bylo u\u017e zni\u010den\u00e9 a vlastn\u011b u\u017e de facto rozd\u011blen\u00e9. Oni se jen postarali, aby bylo toto rozd\u011blen\u00ed co nejhlad\u0161\u00edm zp\u016fsobem vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1no i de iure a po technick\u00e9 str\u00e1nce.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7950","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-publikovane-clanky"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ladislavjakl.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7950","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ladislavjakl.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ladislavjakl.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ladislavjakl.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ladislavjakl.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7950"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.ladislavjakl.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7950\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7951,"href":"https:\/\/www.ladislavjakl.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7950\/revisions\/7951"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ladislavjakl.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7950"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ladislavjakl.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7950"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ladislavjakl.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7950"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}